Retrieve Data from the Database using Plain PHP

Format the Data Using HTML

The MVC Pattern How it Can Help You to Write Better Web Applications

Adapt Plain PHP Code to Fit the MVC Pattern Create a View

Adapt Plain PHP Code to Fit the MVC Pattern Create a Controller Class

Organise Controllers and Models into Folders

Adapt Plain PHP Code to Fit the MVC Pattern Create a Model Class

Organise Views into their Own Folder

Introduction and Welcome How to Get the Most out of the Course

Install the Recommended Software

Develop in the Web Server's Root Folder

Configure the Web Server to Access the Code using a Virtual Host

Create a Database in the Local Database Server

Add Another Page How NOT to Do it in an MVC Framework

Remove Repetition by Dynamically Creating Objects and Running Methods

Add Another Controller and Select it in the Front Controller

The Front Controller Handle All Requests with One Script

How to have Pretty URLs

Add an .htaccess File to Rewrite all URLs to index.php

Enable URL Rewriting and .htaccess Files

Get the Value of the URL Path in the Front Controller

Remove the Query String and Get the Controller and Action from the URL Path

Add the Routing Table and Some Routes

Routes, Routing and the Router Add a Router Class

Use the Controller and Action from the Matched Route

Show a Message if no Route Matches

Try to Load the Controller Class Using the Autoloader

Class Autoloading Load Classes Automatically Without Having to Require Them

Add an Autoload Function and Require the Router Class Automatically

Namespaces What They Are and How to Use Them

Organise Classes in Namespaces and Corresponding Folders

Load the Controller in its Namespace

Change the Autoloader to Include the Namespace

The Root Namespace and Relativity Load the Model in its Namespace

Import a Class Into the Current Namespace With a Use Statement

Introduction to Advanced Routing More Flexible Routes Using Patterns

How to do Complex String Comparisons An Introduction to Regular Expressions

Using Special Characters in Regular Expressions Matching the Start and End

Matching Patterns Character Sets in Regular Expressions

Match the URL Path to a Regular Expression

Repetition in Regular Expressions

Match the URL Path to a Pattern Instead of a Fixed String

Get Segments from the Matched String using Capture Groups

Use Named Capture Groups to Name the Captured Segments

Pass the Captured Controller and Action to the Front Controller

How to Have More Flexible Routing with Route Variables

Process the Route Path One Segment at a Time

Add a Route with Variables and Make Parameters Optional when Adding a Route

Complete the Route-Matching Regular Expression

Convert the Segment with a Variable into a Named Capture Group

Use the Generated Regular Expression to Match the URL Path

Enable Literal Segments in the Route Paths

Add a Route with Another Variable

Wildcards and Negated Character Classes in Regular Expressions

Route Variable Patterns and Shorthand Character Classes in Regular Expressions

Match Any Value in the URL Segment for a Route Variable

Enable Optional Custom Regular Expressions for Route Variables

Match the URL Path in a Case-insensitive Manner

Match Unicode Characters in the URL Path

Add General Routes After More Specific Ones

Create a Dispatcher Method to Handle the Request

Dispatching Create a Dispatcher Class and Use it From the Front Controller

Pass Route Variables to the Action Method as Arguments

Match the Action Method Argument Names to Parameter Values

Use Reflection to Get the Action Method Argument Names

Pass the Argument Values to the Action Method

Convert the Controller Parameter to StudlyCaps

Allow Multiple-word Controller Classes and Action Method Names

Convert the Action Parameter to camelCase

Add a Namespaced Controllers Option

An Introduction to Views Create a Viewer Class

Add a Render Method and Use it from the Controller

Organise View Templates in Subfolders

Pass Optional Data to the View when Rendering it

Use Output Buffering to Load the Contents of the Template

Add Shared View Templates for Common Code

Add a Title Variable to the Shared Header Template

An Introduction to Dependency Injection Inject the Viewer into the Controller

Inject a Model Object into the Controller

Use Reflection to Get the Controller Constructor Arguments

Autowiring Create the Controller Dependencies from the Type Declarations

Extract the Database Connection Code out into a Separate Class

Add a Database Object as a Dependency to the Model

Create All Dependencies in the Object Graph Using Recursion

Remove the Hardcoded Database Connection Credentials

Create a Container Class and Use it from the Dispatcher

Add a Registry to the Container and Bind a Value for the Database Class

Store Closures in the Service Container Instead of Objects

Output a Message if a Class Cannot Be Created Automatically

Find Potential Bugs More Easily by Enabling Strict Type Checking

Validate the Type Declarations in the Service Container

Throw an Exception Instead of Using an exit Statement

Use Standard PHP Library (SPL) Exception Classes to Give More Detail

Throw a Custom Exception if There is no Match for the URL Path

Throw an Exception for a Malformed URL

Toggle the Display of the Exception Details

Display a Custom View When an Exception Occurs

Write the Error Details to a Log File on the Server

Define an Exception Handler to Handle All Exceptions

Display a Custom View Template for a Page Not Found Error

Return a 200, 404 or 500 HTTP Response Code

Add an Error Handler to Convert Errors to Exceptions

Move the Exception Handler into a Separate Class

Move the Error Handler into a Separate Class

Move the Routes to a Separate Configuration File

Move the Services to a Separate Configuration File

Options for Storing Configuration Settings that Change Between Servers

Create a .env File and a Class to Read its Contents

Replace Hardcoded Configuration Settings with Those from the .env File

Add a Static File and Configure the Framework to Allow Access to It

Add a public Folder and Move Browser-Accessible Files into It

Make the public Folder the Root in the Web Server Configuration

Add an .htaccess File to Remove public from the URL

Load Custom Error Pages from the Correct Folder

Adapt the Framework to Load the Code Outside of the public folder

Display a Single Record Identified by the ID from the URL

Add a Base Model Class to Contain Common Functionality

Throw a PageNotFound Exception if the Record isn't Found with the Specified ID

Add a Property to Replace the Hardcoded Table Name

Default the Table Name to the Lowercase Model Class Name

Add a Form for Creating a New Record

Insert the New Record Into the Database Using the Model

Dynamically Bind Values to the Placeholders Based On Their Data Type

Generate the SQL Dynamically Based on the Name and Number of Columns

Add a Validation Method to Prevent Empty Records from Being Inserted

Add Specific Validation Error Messages for Each Field

Redisplay the Form with the Error Messages for Invalid Data

Redirect to the Show Page After Adding a New Record

Extract out Common Code to the Framework Model Class

Cache the Database Connection to get the ID of the New Record

Create a Page for Editing an Existing Record

Display the Form Containing the Record's Existing Attributes

Redisplay Previous Data when Redisplaying the Form

Process the Edit Form and Validate the Data

Add a Confirmation Page for Deleting an Existing Record

Update the Data in the Database Using the Model

Add a Method to the Controller to Get the Current Record

Add a Model Method to Delete a Record

Add a Method Specific to a Child Model Class

Add a Separate Method to Process the Delete Form Submission

Replace the Generic Route with an ID with Specific Routes

Include the HTTP Method When Matching the Route

Create a Request Class to Encapsulate Global Request Data

Use the Request Class in the Dispatcher

Inject the Request Object into the Controller and Use it Instead of Superglobals

Add Other Superglobals to the Request Class

Add a Parent Controller Class for All Controllers to Extend

Add a Property and Setter Method for the Viewer Dependency

Create an Interface for Viewer Classes

Create Multiple Viewer Classes to Render Different Types of View Templates

Add a Single Template to Render from the New Viewer Class

Execute the Generated PHP Code and Output It

Replace PHP Variables with the Alternative Variable Syntax

Decouple the Dispatcher from the Viewer Class

Use Alternative Syntax for Control Structures

Create a Base Template and Modify the Index Template to Extend It

Start to Extract the Block Data from the Child Template

Replace Yields in the Base Template with the Corresponding Block

Load the Optional Base Template Identified in the Child Template

Match Newline Characters and Use Lazy Matching to Extract the Blocks

Change the show Template to Use the Alternative Syntax

Provide a Default Value when Displaying null Values

Modify the new and create Templates to Use the Alternative Syntax

Convert the Shared Form Template to the Alternative Syntax

Change the edit, update and delete Methods to use the Alternative Syntax

Add Functionality to the Template Viewer to Process Included Files

Return a Response Object to the Dispatcher from the Controller

Add a Response Class and Inject a Response Object Into the Controller

Add a Method to Return a Response Containing a Rendered View

Add a Body Property to the Response Object and Output It

Change the Other Action Methods to Return a Response

Add a Method to Set the HTTP Response Code

Add a Method to Redirect from a Controller

An Introduction to Middleware

Define an Interface for Handling a Request

Add a Middleware Class that Modifies the Response

Create a Class to Handle Controller Requests

Chain the Middleware and the Controller Action Together

Add a Middleware Class that Modifies the Request

Add a Class to Run the Middleware Pipeline

Process Middleware Components in a Chain

Add a Configuration File to Assign Short Names to Middleware Classes

Add a Middleware Interface

Get the Specified Middleware from the Route

Create the Middleware Objects in the Dispatcher

Add a Middleware Class that Returns a Redirect Response

Conclusion